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Biblia-zbior ksiag religijnych judaizmu i chrzescijanstwa

Biblia czyli Pismo Swiete Starego i Nowego Testamentu, to zbior ksiag religijnych judaizmu i chrzescijanstwa. Biblia powstawala w ciagu wiekow i przyjmuje sie, ze najstarsze teksty Starego Testamentu powstaly w XIII w. p.n.e. a najmlodsze pochodza z w. I p.n.e. Ksiegi Nowego Testamentu umieszcza sie przedziale od 51 do 96 r. po narodzeniu Chrystusa.

Biblia zajmuje niezwykle miejsce w kulturze swiata stajac sie zrodlem kultury europejskiej.

W sferze moralnej przyjeto powszechnie uznawac prezentowane w niej przykazania dekalogu za podstawe stosunkow miedzyludzkich.

W sferze kulturowej stala sie inspiracja dla literatury, rzezby, malarstwa i muzyki; skarbcem wzorow osobowych i postaw, fabul, watkow i motywow, metaforyki i stylistyki. Dzielo powszechnie znane, interpretowane i wykorzystywane stanowi wspolny repertuar srodkow wyrazowych, ktore poprzez literature weszly do jezyka potocznego. Przeklady

Najdawniejszym tlumaczeniem Starego Testamentu pochodzacym z III-II w. p.n.e. jest Septuaginta, czyli tlumaczenie "siedemdziesieciu". Byl to przeklad na j. grecki sporzadzony w Aleksandrii dla Zydow nie wladajacych innym jezykiem.

Pelnego przekladu Biblii na j. lacinski, zwanego Wulgata, dokonano na przelomie IV i V w. n.e. Przypisuje sie go sw. Hieronimowi. Sobor trydencki obradujacy w XVI w. uznal ten przeklad za tekst obowiazujacy w kosciele rzymsko-katolickim.

Na jezyki narodowe tlumaczono Pismo swiete juz w wiekach srednich. Z doby tej dochowaly sie dwa pelne tlumaczenia najpiekniejszej ksiegi, Psalterza: "Psalterz florianski" z konca w. XIV i "Psalterz pulawski", najprawdopodobniej z poczatku w. XVI.

Istnialo tez tlumaczenie Biblii z wieku XV noszace nazwe Biblii krolowej Zofii lub szaroszpatackiej.

Prawdziwy renesans przekladow Pisma sw. zaczal sie w XVI w., co przede wszystkim bylo zwiazane z reformacja.

Do najwybitniejszych tlumaczen psalmow Dawida naleza: * przeklad calosci proza Mikolaja Reja znany z wydania w r. 1555, zapewne nie pierwszego
* niezwykle piekne tlumaczenie wierszem Jana Kochanowskiego, ktore po ukazaniu sie w 1580 r. "Melodii na Psalterz polski" Mikolaja Gomolki, na trwale zagoscilo w kosciolach katolickich i protestanckich.

Z czasem siegnieto do Nowego Testamentu. Pierwsi zabrali sie do tego luteranie z Prus Wschodnich. W latach 1551-1553 pojawily sie, oglaszane czesciami, poczawszy od czterech Ewangelii, tlumaczenia Jana Murzynowskiego.

Pierwsze calkowite anonimowe tlumaczenie calego Nowego Testamentu wyszlo w 1556 r. u Szarffenberga w Krakowie.

Wreszcie podjeto trud tlumaczenia calej Biblii, ktorego efektem staly sie przeklady: � katolicki, tj. Biblia Jana Leopolity (1561), � kalwinski, Biblia brzeska, czyli radziwilowska (1563), � ariansko-socynianski, Biblia nieswieska, Szymona Budnego (1572).

Przelom wiekow XVI i XVII przyniosl pelne katolickie tlumaczenie Pisma sw. zwane Biblia Wujka (1599).O wadze tej pracy moze swiadczyc fakt, ze przeklad ten zastapiony zostal w liturgii Kosciola dopiero w okresie II Watykanskiego Soboru Biblia Tysiaclecia wydana w 1965.

Book Genesis 4

The Book of Genesis

Main Page

Chapter 5

1: This is the book of the generations of Adam. In the day that God created man, in the likeness of God made he him;

2: Male and female created he them; and blessed them, and called their name Adam, in the day when they were created.

3: And Adam lived an hundred and thirty years, and begat a son in his own likeness, and after his image; and called his name Seth:

4: And the days of Adam after he had begotten Seth were eight hundred years: and he begat sons anddaughters:

5: And all the days that Adam lived were nine hundred and thirty years: and he died.

6: And Seth lived an hundred and five years, and begat Enos:

7: And Seth lived after he begat Enos eight hundred and seven years, and begat sons and daughters:

8: And all the days of Seth were nine hundred and twelve years: and he died.

9: And Enos lived ninety years, and begat Cainan:

10: And Enos lived after he begat Cainan eight hundred and fifteen years, and begat sons and daughters:

11: And all the days of Enos were nine hundred and five years: and he died.

12: And Cainan lived seventy years and begat Mahalaleel:

13: And Cainan lived after he begat Mahalaleel eight hundred and forty years, and begat sons and daughters:

14: And all the days of Cainan were nine hundred and ten years: and he died.

15: And Mahalaleel lived sixty and five years, and begat Jared:

16: And Mahalaleel lived after he begat Jared eight hundred and thirty years, and begat sons and daughters:

17: And all the days of Mahalaleel were eight hundred ninety and five years: and he died.

18: And Jared lived an hundred sixty and two years, and he begat Enoch:

19: And Jared lived after he begat Enoch eight hundred years, and begat sons and daughters:

20: And all the days of Jared were nine hundred sixty and two years: and he died.

21: And Enoch lived sixty and five years, and begat Methuselah:

22: And Enoch walked with God after he begat Methuselah three hundred years, and begat sons and daughters:

23: And all the days of Enoch were three hundred sixty and five years:

24: And Enoch walked with God: and he was not; for God took him.

25: And Methuselah lived an hundred eighty and seven years, and begat Lamech.

26: And Methuselah lived after he begat Lamech seven hundred eighty and two years, and begat sons and daughters:

27: And all the days of Methuselah were nine hundred sixty and nine years: and he died.

28: And Lamech lived an hundred eighty and two years, and begat a son:
29: And he called his name Noah, saying, This same shall comfort us concerning our work and toil of ourhands, because of the ground which the LORD hath cursed.

30: And Lamech lived after he begat Noah five hundred ninety and five years, and begat sons and daughters:

31: And all the days of Lamech were seven hundred seventy and seven years: and he died.

32: And Noah was five hundred years old: and Noah begat Shem, Ham, and Japheth.
Genesis 6

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